What does syphilis look like in the mouth? Syphilis, a sexually transmitted infection (STI), can manifest in various ways, and one of the most common symptoms is the appearance of sores or lesions in the mouth. Understanding the appearance of syphilis in the mouth is crucial for early detection and treatment, as syphilis can lead to serious health complications if left untreated.
Syphilis is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, and it can be transmitted through unprotected sexual contact, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. The infection can also be passed from mother to child during childbirth. While syphilis can affect various parts of the body, including the skin, nervous system, and cardiovascular system, its manifestation in the mouth is particularly concerning.
Initial stages of syphilis
During the primary stage of syphilis, which usually occurs about three weeks after infection, a painless sore, known as a chancre, may appear in the mouth. This chancre is typically firm, round, and ulcerative, with a raised border and a clean, painless base. It can be found on the lips, tongue, gums, or roof of the mouth. While these sores may heal on their own, they can leave scars and increase the risk of spreading the infection to others.
Secondary stage of syphilis
If syphilis is not treated during the primary stage, it can progress to the secondary stage, which may occur weeks to months later. In this stage, syphilis can cause a wide range of symptoms, including a rash that may appear on the palms of the hands, soles of the feet, and sometimes the mouth. The rash is typically non-itchy and can vary in color, ranging from red to brownish. In some cases, sores may also develop in the mouth during this stage.
Tertiary stage of syphilis
The tertiary stage of syphilis can occur years after the initial infection. While fewer people reach this stage, it can lead to severe complications, including neurological and cardiovascular problems. In the mouth, tertiary syphilis may cause gum disease, tooth loss, and other dental problems. In rare cases, sores may appear in the mouth during this stage, but they are not as common as during the primary and secondary stages.
Diagnosis and treatment
If you suspect you may have syphilis, it is essential to seek medical attention promptly. A healthcare provider can perform a physical examination and take a blood test to confirm the diagnosis. Syphilis can be treated effectively with antibiotics, but early detection is crucial to prevent complications.
Understanding what syphilis looks like in the mouth can help individuals recognize the signs of infection and seek timely medical care. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly reduce the risk of long-term health consequences and prevent the spread of the infection to others.
