Which of the following is a metamorphic rock? This question often arises in the field of geology, as metamorphic rocks are a fascinating class of rocks that undergo significant changes in their mineral composition and texture due to heat and pressure. In this article, we will explore the characteristics of metamorphic rocks and discuss some common examples to help you identify which of the following options is a metamorphic rock.
Metamorphic rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks, which can be either sedimentary, igneous, or even other metamorphic rocks. The process of metamorphism involves the transformation of these rocks under the influence of heat, pressure, and chemical activity. This transformation alters the mineral composition, texture, and sometimes even the chemical composition of the rock.
One of the key characteristics of metamorphic rocks is their foliated texture, which is characterized by the presence of parallel layers or bands of minerals. This texture is often indicative of the directional pressure that the rock has undergone during metamorphism. Foliated metamorphic rocks are commonly referred to as “slates” or “schists,” while non-foliated metamorphic rocks are known as “gneisses” or “marbles.”
Now, let’s examine some common examples of metamorphic rocks to determine which of the following is a metamorphic rock:
1. Limestone: Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed primarily of calcium carbonate. While it can be metamorphosed into a metamorphic rock called marble, pure limestone itself is not a metamorphic rock.
2. Basalt: Basalt is an igneous rock formed from the solidification of lava. It is not a metamorphic rock but can be metamorphosed into a rock called gneiss.
3. Slate: Slate is a metamorphic rock that forms from the metamorphism of mudstone or shale. It is characterized by its foliated texture and is often used in construction.
4. Quartzite: Quartzite is a metamorphic rock that forms from the metamorphism of quartz-rich sandstone. It is characterized by its hardness and lack of foliation.
Based on the information provided, the correct answer to the question “Which of the following is a metamorphic rock?” is slate. Slate is a foliated metamorphic rock that forms from the metamorphism of mudstone or shale. It is an excellent example of a metamorphic rock that exhibits the characteristic foliated texture.
