Which of the following elements is an alkali metal? This question often comes up in chemistry classes and scientific discussions. Alkali metals are a group of elements that share certain characteristics and play a significant role in various chemical reactions. In this article, we will explore the properties of alkali metals and identify the correct element from the given options.
Alkali metals are found in the first group of the periodic table, also known as Group 1. They consist of lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and francium (Fr). These elements are known for their highly reactive nature, softness, and low melting points. Their outermost electron is located in the s-orbital, which makes them highly reactive and eager to lose this electron to achieve a stable octet configuration.
Now, let’s examine the given options to determine which one is an alkali metal:
1. Hydrogen (H): Hydrogen is not an alkali metal. It is a nonmetal and has only one electron in its outermost shell, which makes it very different from alkali metals.
2. Carbon (C): Carbon is also a nonmetal and belongs to Group 14 of the periodic table. It has four valence electrons and does not share the same characteristics as alkali metals.
3. Sodium (Na): Sodium is an alkali metal. It has one valence electron in its outermost shell and is highly reactive. It is commonly used in cooking, as table salt, and has numerous industrial applications.
4. Oxygen (O): Oxygen is a nonmetal and belongs to Group 16 of the periodic table. It has six valence electrons and does not exhibit the same properties as alkali metals.
Based on the information provided, the correct answer to the question “Which of the following elements is an alkali metal?” is sodium (Na). Sodium is a highly reactive alkali metal with one valence electron, making it an excellent candidate for various chemical reactions and applications.
